1) The concept of separation of powers, as articulated by French philosopher Montesquieu, refers to the division of government responsibilities into distinct branches, such as the executive, legislative, and judicial, to prevent concentration of power.

2) Dwayne "The Rock" Johnson is an American actor, producer, and former professional wrestler. He has become one of the highest-paid actors in Hollywood, known for his roles in films such as the "Fast & Furious" franchise, "Jumanji," and "Moana."

3) Norse mythology, originating from the Scandinavian region, features gods and mythical creatures like Odin, Thor, Loki, and Valkyries. It explores themes of heroism, destiny, and the battle between gods and giants, with intricate tales recorded in texts such as the Prose Edda and Poetic Edda.

4) The Age of Exploration, during the 15th and 16th centuries, saw European explorers such as Christopher Columbus and Vasco da Gama reach new lands and establish trade routes.